Techniques

Browser Contexts & Isolation

Browser Contexts & Isolation A BrowserContext is the unit of isolation in Playwright. It shares the underlying engine process with every other context but keeps its own cookies, l...

CI/CD Integration

CI/CD Integration A Playwright suite that passes on a laptop is only half-finished; the suite that matters runs unattended on every pull request, on clean machines, with no displa...

Cross-Browser Execution

Cross-Browser Execution Playwright ships three engines — Chromium, Firefox, and WebKit — behind one API, so a single suite can validate every browser your users run without duplic...

Page Object Model Design

Page Object Model Design The Page Object Model is the pattern that keeps a Playwright suite maintainable as it grows past a handful of specs. Instead of scattering selectors acros...

Playwright Config & Fixtures

Playwright Config & Fixtures playwright.config.ts and the fixture system are the wiring that turns isolated browser objects into a coherent test run. The config file is the single...

CSS & XPath Best Practices

CSS & XPath Best Practices CSS and XPath are the two structural query languages Playwright accepts when a semantic locator is not enough. Both resolve against the live DOM, but th...

getByRole & Accessibility Selectors

getByRole & Accessibility Selectors Single-page applications rewrite their DOM constantly: class names are hashed at build time, wrapper <div> s appear and vanish between framewor...

Handling Dynamic Content

Handling Dynamic Content Single-page applications mutate the DOM long after the initial document loads. A React, Vue, or Angular view detaches and reattaches nodes during hydratio...

Iframes & Embedded Content

Iframes & Embedded Content A locator that works perfectly in the browser console times out in your test, the trace shows the element clearly rendered on screen, and the call log e...

Shadow DOM Traversal

Shadow DOM Traversal Web components hide their internal markup behind shadow roots so that styles and state never collide with the surrounding page. That encapsulation is good for...